On this day: October 9

Events on October 9

• 768 Carloman I and Charlemagne are crowned kings of the Franks. Wikipedia
• 1604 Kepler's Supernova is the most recent supernova to be observed within the Milky Way. Wikipedia
• 1683 Allied Imperial and Polish-Lithuanian forces defeat the retreating Ottoman forces in the battle of Parkany. Wikipedia
• 1708 Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya. Wikipedia
• 1740 European soldiers and Javanese collaborators started massacring Chinese Indonesians in the port city of Batavia, modern-day Jakarta: at least 10,000 people were killed. Wikipedia
• 1793 French Revolution: After a month-long siege, the leaders of Lyon surrendered, ending their revolt against the National Convention. Wikipedia
• 1831 Ioannis Kapodistrias, the first head of state of independent Greece, is assassinated. Wikipedia
• 1861 American Civil War: Union troops repel a Confederate attempt to capture Fort Pickens in the Battle of Santa Rosa Island. Wikipedia
• 1888 The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., at the time the world's tallest building, officially opened to the general public. Wikipedia
• 1900 The Cook Islands become a territory of the United Kingdom. Wikipedia
• 1914 World War I: The civilian authorities of Antwerp surrendered and allowed the German army to capture the city. Wikipedia
• 1914 World War I: The Siege of Antwerp comes to an end. Wikipedia
• 1921 The Mortimer War Memorial, designed by Herbert Maryon in memory of local servicemen who died in the First World War, was dedicated. Wikipedia
• 1936 Boulder Dam (later Hoover Dam) begins to generate electricity and transmit it to Los Angeles. Wikipedia
• 1941 A coup in Panama declares Ricardo Adolfo de la Guardia Arango the new president. Wikipedia
• 1942 World War II: American forces defeated the Japanese at the Third Battle of the Matanikau in Guadalcanal, Solomon Islands, reversing the Japanese victory a couple of weeks earlier. Wikipedia
• 1962 Uganda becomes an independent Commonwealth realm. Wikipedia
• 1966 Vietnam War: the Republic of Korea Army commits the Binh Tai Massacre. Wikipedia
• 1967 A day after his capture, Ernesto "Che" Guevara is executed for attempting to incite a revolution in Bolivia. Wikipedia
• 1969 In Chicago, the National Guard is called in as demonstrations continue over the trial of the "Chicago Eight". Wikipedia
• 1980 Pope John Paul II greets the Dalai Lama during a private audience in Vatican City. Wikipedia
• 1986 The Phantom of the Opera, eventually the second longest running musical in London, opens at Her Majesty's Theatre. Wikipedia
• 2012 Pakistani activist Malala Yousafzai was severely injured by a Taliban gunman in a failed assassination attempt. Wikipedia
• 2012 Pakistani Taliban attempt to assassinate outspoken schoolgirl Malala Yousafzai. Wikipedia
• 2016 The Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army launches its first attack on Myanmar security forces along the Bangladesh–Myanmar border. Wikipedia
• 2024 Hurricane Milton makes landfall in Siesta Key, Florida, as a Category 3 hurricane, causing US$34.3 billion in damage only two weeks after Hurricane Helene impacted the state. Wikipedia

Born on October 9

• 1757 Charles X of France (died 1836) Wikipedia
• 1823 Mary Ann Shadd, American-Canadian abolitionist (died 1893) Wikipedia
• 1835 Camille Saint-Saëns, French composer and conductor (died 1921) Wikipedia
• 1852 Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1919) Wikipedia
• 1859 Alfred Dreyfus, French colonel (died 1935) Wikipedia
• 1874 Nicholas Roerich, Russian archaeologist and painter (died 1947) Wikipedia
• 1879 Max von Laue, German physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1960) Wikipedia
• 1888 Nikolai Bukharin, Russian journalist and politician (died 1938) Wikipedia
• 1892 Ivo Andrić, Yugoslav novelist, poet, and short story writer, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1975) Wikipedia
• 1906 Léopold Sédar Senghor, Senegalese poet and politician, 1st President of Senegal (died 2001) Wikipedia
• 1907 Horst Wessel, German SA officer (died 1930) Wikipedia
• 1907 Jacques Tati, French actor, director, and screenwriter (died 1982) Wikipedia
• 1918 E. Howard Hunt, American CIA officer and author (died 2007) Wikipedia
• 1933 Peter Mansfield, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2017) Wikipedia
• 1938 Heinz Fischer, Austrian academic and politician, 11th President of Austria Wikipedia
• 1940 John Lennon, English singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (died 1980) Wikipedia
• 1947 France Gall, French singer (died 2018) Wikipedia
• 1950 Jody Williams, American academic and activist, Nobel Prize laureate Wikipedia
• 1959 Boris Nemtsov, Russian academic and politician, First Deputy Prime Minister of Russia (died 2015) Wikipedia
• 1964 Guillermo del Toro, Mexican-American director, producer, and screenwriter Wikipedia
• 1966 David Cameron, English politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Wikipedia
• 1996 Bella Hadid, American model Wikipedia

Died on October 9

• 892 Al-Tirmidhi, Persian scholar and hadith compiler (born 824) Wikipedia
• 1943 Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1865) Wikipedia
• 1958 Pope Pius XII (born 1876) Wikipedia
• 1967 Che Guevara, Argentinian-Cuban physician, politician and guerrilla leader (born 1928) Wikipedia
• 1967 Cyril Norman Hinshelwood, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1897) Wikipedia
• 1974 Oskar Schindler, Czech-German businessman (born 1908) Wikipedia
• 1978 Jacques Brel, Belgian singer-songwriter and actor (born 1929) Wikipedia
• 1987 William P. Murphy, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1892) Wikipedia
• 1995 Alec Douglas-Home, British cricketer and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1903) Wikipedia
• 2004 Jacques Derrida, Algerian-French philosopher and academic (born 1930) Wikipedia
• 2009 John Daido Loori, American Zen Buddhist monastic and teacher (born 1931) Wikipedia
• 2010 Maurice Allais, French economist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911) Wikipedia
• 2015 Richard F. Heck, American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1931) Wikipedia
• 2016 Andrzej Wajda, Polish film and theatre director (born 1926) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day: Abraham Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Denis of Paris Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Dionysius the Areopagite Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Ghislain Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Gunther of Bohemia Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Innocencio of Mary Immaculate and Martyrs of Asturias Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: John Henry Newman Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: John Leonardi Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Luis Beltran Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Robert Grosseteste (Church of England) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Wilfred Grenfell (Episcopal Church in the United States) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: October 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Fire Prevention Day (Canada, United States) Wikipedia
• Hangul Day (South Korea) Wikipedia
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Uganda from United Kingdom in 1962. (Uganda) Wikipedia
• Independence of Guayaquil from Spain in 1820 (Ecuador) Wikipedia
• Leif Erikson Day (United States, Iceland and Norway) Wikipedia
• National Day of Commemorating the Holocaust (Romania) Wikipedia
• National Nanotechnology Day (United States) Wikipedia
• Takayama Autumn Festival (Takayama, Japan) Wikipedia
• World Post Day Wikipedia
• Indian Foreign Service Day Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “October 9” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.