On this day: October 14

Events on October 14

• 1586 Mary, Queen of Scots, goes on trial for conspiracy against Queen Elizabeth I of England. Wikipedia
• 1791 The revolutionary group the United Irishmen is formed in Belfast, Ireland leading to the Irish Rebellion of 1798. Wikipedia
• 1809 The Treaty of Schönbrunn is signed, ending the War of the Fifth Coalition, the final successful war in Napoleon Bonaparte's military career. Wikipedia
• 1863 American Civil War: Confederate troops under the command of A. P. Hill fail to drive the Union Army completely out of Virginia. Wikipedia
• 1863 American Civil War: In the Battle of Bristoe Station, the Union II Corps surprised and repelled the Confederate attack on the Union rearguard, resulting in a Union victory. Wikipedia
• 1888 Louis Le Prince films the first motion picture, Roundhay Garden Scene. Wikipedia
• 1912 Former president Theodore Roosevelt is shot and mildly wounded by John Flammang Schrank in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. With the fresh wound in his chest, and the bullet still within it, Roosevelt delivers his scheduled speech. Wikipedia
• 1915 World War I: Bulgaria joins the Central Powers. Wikipedia
• 1939 Second World War: The German submarine U-47 torpedoed and sank the Royal Navy battleship HMS Royal Oak while the latter was anchored at Scapa Flow in Orkney, Scotland. Wikipedia
• 1939 World War II: The German submarine U-47 sinks the British battleship HMS Royal Oak within her harbour at Scapa Flow, Scotland. Wikipedia
• 1940 Second World War: During the Blitz, a semi-armour-piercing fragmentation bomb fell on the road above Balham station in London, which was being used as an air raid shelter, killing at least 64 people. Wikipedia
• 1943 World War II: During the second raid on Schweinfurt, the U.S. 8th Air Force suffered so many losses that it lost air supremacy over Germany for several months. Wikipedia
• 1943 The Holocaust: Prisoners at Sobibor extermination camp revolted, killing 11 SS officers and staging a mass escape. Wikipedia
• 1956 B. R. Ambedkar, a leader of India's "Untouchable" caste, publicly converted to Buddhism and became the leader of the Dalit Buddhist movement. Wikipedia
• 1957 After three days of heavy rain, the Turia overflowed and flooded the city of Valencia, Spain, causing at least 81 deaths. Wikipedia
• 1957 At least 81 people are killed in the most devastating flood in the history of the Spanish city of Valencia. Wikipedia
• 1964 Martin Luther King Jr. receives the Nobel Peace Prize for combating racial inequality through nonviolence. Wikipedia
• 1964 Members of the Politburo voted to remove Nikita Khrushchev as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and replace him with Leonid Brezhnev. Wikipedia
• 1964 The Soviet Presidium and the Communist Party Central Committee each vote to accept Nikita Khrushchev's "voluntary" request to retire from his offices. Wikipedia
• 1966 The city of Montreal begins the operation of its underground Montreal Metro rapid transit system. Wikipedia
• 1980 The 6th Congress of the Workers' Party concluded, having anointed North Korean president Kim Il Sung's son Kim Jong Il as his successor. Wikipedia
• 1980 The 6th Congress of the Workers' Party ended, having anointed North Korean President Kim Il Sung's son Kim Jong Il as his successor. Wikipedia
• 1982 U.S. President Ronald Reagan proclaims a war on drugs. Wikipedia
• 1991 Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. Wikipedia
• 1994 Yasser Arafat, Yitzhak Rabin and Shimon Peres receive the Nobel Peace Prize for their role in the establishment of the Oslo Accords and the framing of future Palestinian self government. Wikipedia
• 2017 An Al-Shabaab suicide bomber detonated a massive truck bomb at the Zobe junction in Somalia's capital, Mogadishu, killing 587 people, injuring 316 others, and leaving more than 500 missing. Wikipedia

Born on October 14

• 1633 James II of England (died 1701) Wikipedia
• 1644 William Penn, English businessman who founded Pennsylvania (died 1718) Wikipedia
• 1712 George Grenville, English lawyer and politician, Prime Minister of Great Britain (died 1770) Wikipedia
• 1784 Ferdinand VII of Spain (died 1833) Wikipedia
• 1882 Éamon de Valera, American-Irish rebel and politician, 3rd President of Ireland (died 1975) Wikipedia
• 1888 Katherine Mansfield, New Zealand novelist, short story writer, and essayist (died 1923) Wikipedia
• 1890 Dwight D. Eisenhower, American general and politician, 34th President of the United States (died 1969) Wikipedia
• 1893 Lillian Gish, American actress (died 1993) Wikipedia
• 1894 Sail Mohamed, Algerian anarchist and Spanish Civil War veteran (died 1953) Wikipedia
• 1894 E. E. Cummings, American poet and playwright (died 1962) Wikipedia
• 1906 Hannah Arendt, German-American philosopher and theorist (died 1975) Wikipedia
• 1906 Hassan al-Banna, Egyptian religious leader, founded the Muslim Brotherhood (died 1949) Wikipedia
• 1911 Lê Đức Thọ, Vietnamese general and politician, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1990) Wikipedia
• 1914 Raymond Davis Jr., American chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2006) Wikipedia
• 1927 Roger Moore, English actor and producer (died 2017) Wikipedia
• 1930 Mobutu Sese Seko, Congolese soldier and politician, President of Zaire (died 1997) Wikipedia
• 1938 Farah Pahlavi, Empress of Iran Wikipedia
• 1943 Mohammad Khatami, Iranian scholar and politician, 5th President of Iran Wikipedia
• 1973 George Floyd, American police brutality victim (died 2020) Wikipedia
• 1978 Usher, American singer-songwriter, dancer, and actor Wikipedia
• 1992 Ahmed Musa, Nigerian footballer Wikipedia
• 1993 Charlie Kirk, American media personality and political activist (died 2025) Wikipedia

Died on October 14

• 1066 Battle of Hastings: Wikipedia
• 1217 Isabella, English noblewoman and wife of John of England (born c. 1173) Wikipedia
• 1240 Razia Sultana, female sultan of Delhi (born c. 1205) Wikipedia
• 1943 Sobibór uprising: Wikipedia
• 1944 Erwin Rommel, German field marshal (born 1891) Wikipedia
• 1953 Émile Sarrade, French rugby player and tug of war competitor (born 1877) Wikipedia
• 1959 Errol Flynn, Australian-American actor, singer, and producer (born 1909) Wikipedia
• 1977 Bing Crosby, American singer-songwriter and actor (born 1903) Wikipedia
• 1984 Martin Ryle, English astronomer and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1918) Wikipedia
• 1990 Leonard Bernstein, American pianist, composer, and conductor (born 1918) Wikipedia
• 1999 Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian educator and politician, 1st President of Tanzania (born 1922) Wikipedia
• 2010 Benoit Mandelbrot, Polish-American mathematician and economist (born 1924) Wikipedia
• 2015 Mathieu Kérékou, Beninese soldier and politician, President of Benin (born 1933) Wikipedia
• 2022 Robbie Coltrane, Scottish actor, comedian and writer (born 1950) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day: Angadrisma Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Fortunatus of Todi Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Joseph Schereschewsky (Episcopal Church (USA)) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Pope Callixtus I Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Blessed Roman Lysko Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: October 14 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Intercession of the Theotokos Wikipedia
• Day of the Cathedral of the Living Pillar (Georgian Orthodox Church) Wikipedia
• Mother's Day (Belarus) Wikipedia
• National Education Day (Poland), formerly Teachers' Day Wikipedia
• Nyerere Day (Tanzania) Wikipedia
• Second Revolution Day (Yemen) Wikipedia
• World Standards Day (International) Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “October 14” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.