On this day: November 9

Events on November 9

• 694 At the Seventeenth Council of Toledo, Egica, a king of the Visigoths of Hispania, accuses Jews of aiding Muslims, sentencing all Jews to slavery. Wikipedia
• 1372 Trần Duệ Tông succeeds his brother Trần Nghệ Tông as King of Vietnam. Wikipedia
• 1456 Ulrich II, Count of Celje, last ruler of the County of Cilli, is assassinated in Belgrade. Wikipedia
• 1720 The synagogue of Judah HeHasid is burned down by Arab creditors, leading to the expulsion of the Ashkenazim from Jerusalem. Wikipedia
• 1780 American Revolutionary War: In the Battle of Fishdam Ford a force of British and Loyalist troops fail in a surprise attack against the South Carolina Patriot militia under Brigadier General Thomas Sumter. Wikipedia
• 1851 Kentucky marshals abduct abolitionist minister Calvin Fairbank from Jeffersonville, Indiana, and take him to Kentucky to stand trial for helping a slave escape. Wikipedia
• 1862 American Civil War: Union General Ambrose Burnside assumes command of the Army of the Potomac, after George B. McClellan is removed. Wikipedia
• 1880 A major earthquake strikes Zagreb and destroys many buildings, including Zagreb Cathedral. Wikipedia
• 1900 Russian invasion of Manchuria: Russia completes its occupation of Manchuria with 100,000 troops. Wikipedia
• 1914 World War I: Off the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, the Australian light cruiser Sydney sank Emden, the last active German warship in the Indian Ocean, at the Battle of Cocos. Wikipedia
• 1921 The National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista or PNF) is founded in Italy. Wikipedia
• 1923 In Munich, police and government troops crush the Nazi Beer Hall Putsch. Wikipedia
• 1939 World War II: A covert Sicherheitsdienst operation captured two British agents of the Secret Intelligence Service near Venlo in the Netherlands. Wikipedia
• 1940 Warsaw is awarded the Virtuti Militari by the Polish government-in-exile. Wikipedia
• 1953 Cambodia gains independence from France. Wikipedia
• 1960 Robert McNamara is named president of the Ford Motor Company, becoming the first non-Ford family member to serve in that post. He resigns a month later to join the newly elected John F. Kennedy administration. Wikipedia
• 1965 A Catholic Worker Movement member, Roger Allen LaPorte, protesting against the Vietnam War, sets himself on fire in front of the United Nations building. Wikipedia
• 1970 Vietnam War: The Supreme Court of the United States votes 6–3 against hearing a case to allow Massachusetts to enforce its law granting residents the right to refuse military service in an undeclared war. Wikipedia
• 1979 Cold War: Nuclear false alarm: The NORAD computers and the Alternate National Military Command Center in Fort Ritchie, Maryland, detect a purported massive Soviet nuclear strike. After reviewing the raw data from satellites and checking the early-warning radars, the alert is cancelled. Wikipedia
• 1985 Garry Kasparov, 22, of the Soviet Union, becomes the youngest World Chess Champion by beating fellow Soviet Anatoly Karpov. Wikipedia
• 1993 Stari Most, the "old bridge" in the Bosnian city of Mostar, built in 1566, collapses after several days of bombing by Croat forces during the Croat–Bosniak War. Wikipedia
• 1994 The chemical element darmstadtium is discovered. Wikipedia
• 2005 The Venus Express mission of the European Space Agency is launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. Wikipedia
• 2012 A train carrying liquid fuel crashes and bursts into flames in northern Myanmar, killing 27 people and injuring 80 others. Wikipedia
• 2014 A non-binding self-determination consultation is held in Catalonia, asking Catalan citizens their opinion on whether Catalonia should become a state and, if so, whether it should be an independent state. Wikipedia
• 2020 Second Nagorno-Karabakh War: An armistice agreement is signed by Armenia, Azerbaijan and Russia. Wikipedia

Born on November 9

• 1683 George II of Great Britain (died 1760) Wikipedia
• 1801 Gail Borden, American surveyor and publisher, invented condensed milk (died 1874) Wikipedia
• 1818 Ivan Turgenev, Russian author and playwright (died 1883) Wikipedia
• 1841 Edward VII of the United Kingdom (died 1910) Wikipedia
• 1877 Muhammad Iqbal, Pakistani philosopher, poet, and politician (died 1938) Wikipedia
• 1877 Enrico De Nicola, Italian journalist, lawyer, and politician, 1st President of the Italian Republic (died 1959) Wikipedia
• 1885 Hermann Weyl, German mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (died 1955) Wikipedia
• 1885 Velimir Khlebnikov, Russian poet and playwright (died 1922) Wikipedia
• 1888 Jean Monnet, French economist and diplomat (died 1979) Wikipedia
• 1894 Dietrich von Choltitz, General of the German Army during World War II (died 1966) Wikipedia
• 1897 Ronald George Wreyford Norrish, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1978) Wikipedia
• 1904 Viktor Brack, German SS officer (died 1948) Wikipedia
• 1914 Hedy Lamarr, Austrian-American actress and inventor (died 2000) Wikipedia
• 1918 Choi Hong Hi, South Korean general and martial artist, co-founded taekwondo (died 2002) Wikipedia
• 1918 Spiro Agnew, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 39th Vice President of the United States (died 1996) Wikipedia
• 1922 Imre Lakatos, Hungarian mathematician, philosopher, and academic (died 1974) Wikipedia
• 1929 Imre Kertész, Hungarian author, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2016) Wikipedia
• 1934 Carl Sagan, American astronomer, astrophysicist, and cosmologist (died 1996) Wikipedia
• 1936 Mikhail Tal, Latvian-Russian chess player and author (died 1992) Wikipedia
• 1948 Luiz Felipe Scolari, Brazilian footballer and manager Wikipedia
• 1960 Andreas Brehme, German footballer and manager (died 2024) Wikipedia
• 1974 Alessandro Del Piero, Italian footballer Wikipedia

Died on November 9

• 1492 Jami, Persian poet (born 1414) Wikipedia
• 1706 Peter Mews, English Royalist theologian and bishop (born 1619) Wikipedia
• 1719 Oley Douglas, British Member of Parliament (born 1684) Wikipedia
• 1918 Guillaume Apollinaire, Italian-French author, poet, and playwright (born 1880) Wikipedia
• 1932 Nadezhda Alliluyeva, second wife of Joseph Stalin (born 1901) Wikipedia
• 1937 Ramsay MacDonald, Scottish journalist and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1866) Wikipedia
• 1940 Neville Chamberlain, English businessman and politician, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (born 1869) Wikipedia
• 1953 Ibn Saud, Saudi Arabian king (born 1880) Wikipedia
• 1953 Dylan Thomas, Welsh poet and author (born 1914) Wikipedia
• 1970 Charles de Gaulle, French general and politician, 18th President of France (born 1890) Wikipedia
• 1991 Yves Montand, Italian-French actor (born 1921) Wikipedia
• 2000 Eric Morley, English television host, founded Miss World (born 1918) Wikipedia
• 2005 K. R. Narayanan, Indian journalist and politician, 10th President of India (born 1921) Wikipedia
• 2008 Miriam Makeba, South African singer and activist (born 1932) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Birthday of Muhammad Iqbal (Pakistan) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Benignus of Armagh Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Dedication of the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, Cathedral of the Pope (memorial feast day) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Margery Kempe (Church of England) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Martin Chemnitz (Lutheran) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Nectarios of Aegina Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Theodore of Amasea (Roman Catholic Church) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Virgin of Almudena (Madrid) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Vitonus Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: November 9 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Day of the Skulls or Dia de los ñatitas (Bolivia) Wikipedia
• Flag Day (Azerbaijan) Wikipedia
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Cambodia from France in 1953. Wikipedia
• Inventors' Day (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) Wikipedia
• Uttarakhand Day (Uttarakhand, India) Wikipedia
• World Freedom Day (United States) Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “November 9” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.