On this day: March 1

Events on March 1

• 1290 University of Coimbra, in Portugal, is officially chartered by King Denis. Wikipedia
• 1811 Leaders of the Mamluk dynasty are killed by Egyptian ruler Muhammad Ali. Wikipedia
• 1815 Napoleon returns to France from his banishment on Elba. Wikipedia
• 1836 A convention of delegates from 57 Texas communities convenes in Washington-on-the-Brazos, Texas, to deliberate independence from Mexico. Wikipedia
• 1867 Nebraska is admitted as the 37th U.S. state. Wikipedia
• 1869 The Russian chemist Dmitri Mendeleev finished his design of the first periodic table. Wikipedia
• 1872 Yellowstone National Park (bison pictured), located mostly in the present-day U.S. state of Wyoming, was established by President Ulysses S. Grant. Wikipedia
• 1893 Electrical engineer Nikola Tesla gives the first public demonstration of radio in St. Louis, Missouri. Wikipedia
• 1896 Battle of Adwa: An Ethiopian army defeats an outnumbered Italian force, ending the First Italo-Ethiopian War. Wikipedia
• 1896 French physicist Henri Becquerel discovered the principle of radioactive decay when he exposed photographic plates to uranium salts. Wikipedia
• 1921 The Kronstadt rebellion began following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in Russia with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks. Wikipedia
• 1921 Following mass protests in Petrograd demanding greater freedom in the RSFSR, the Kronstadt rebellion begins, with sailors and citizens taking up arms against the Bolsheviks. Wikipedia
• 1936 Hoover Dam, straddling the Arizona–Nevada border on the Colorado River, was completed. Wikipedia
• 1941 World War II: Bulgaria signs the Tripartite Pact, allying itself with the Axis powers. Wikipedia
• 1944 World War II: American and Australian troops won the Battle of Sio against Japanese forces as part of the New Guinea campaign. Wikipedia
• 1950 Cold War: Klaus Fuchs is convicted of spying for the Soviet Union by disclosing top secret atomic bomb data. Wikipedia
• 1953 Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later. Wikipedia
• 1961 Uganda becomes self-governing and holds its first elections. Wikipedia
• 1962 American Airlines Flight 1 crashes into Jamaica Bay in New York, killing 95. Wikipedia
• 1966 The Ba'ath Party takes power in Syria. Wikipedia
• 1966 Venera 3 Soviet space probe crashes on Venus becoming the first spacecraft to land on another planet's surface. Wikipedia
• 1973 Black September storms the Saudi embassy in Khartoum, Sudan, resulting in the assassination of three Western hostages. Wikipedia
• 1992 Bosnia and Herzegovina declares its independence from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Wikipedia
• 1992 A Bosnian-Serb wedding procession was attacked in Sarajevo, resulting in what is widely considered the first casualty of the Bosnian War. Wikipedia
• 2002 U.S. invasion of Afghanistan: Operation Anaconda begins in eastern Afghanistan. Wikipedia
• 2006 English-language Wikipedia reaches its one millionth article, Jordanhill railway station. Wikipedia

Born on March 1

• 1810 Frédéric Chopin, Polish pianist and composer (died 1849) Wikipedia
• 1812 Augustus Pugin, English architect, co-designed the Palace of Westminster (died 1852) Wikipedia
• 1886 Oskar Kokoschka, Austrian-Swiss painter, poet, and playwright (died 1980) Wikipedia
• 1892 Ryūnosuke Akutagawa, Japanese author and educator (died 1927) Wikipedia
• 1899 Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski, German SS officer (died 1972) Wikipedia
• 1904 Glenn Miller, American trombonist, composer, and bandleader (died 1944) Wikipedia
• 1910 Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2002) Wikipedia
• 1910 David Niven, English soldier and actor (died 1983) Wikipedia
• 1918 João Goulart, Brazilian lawyer and politician, 24th President of Brazil (died 1976) Wikipedia
• 1922 Yitzhak Rabin, Israeli general and politician, 5th Prime Minister of Israel, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1995) Wikipedia
• 1927 Harry Belafonte, American singer-songwriter and actor (died 2023) Wikipedia
• 1951 Sergei Kourdakov, Russian-American KGB agent (died 1973) Wikipedia
• 1954 Ron Howard, American actor, director, and producer Wikipedia
• 1955 Vice Admiral Sir Timothy Laurence, member of the British royal family and Royal Navy officer Wikipedia
• 1956 Dalia Grybauskaitė, Lithuanian politician, 8th President of Lithuania Wikipedia
• 1966 Zack Snyder, American director, producer, and screenwriter Wikipedia
• 1969 Javier Bardem, Spanish actor and producer Wikipedia
• 1978 Jensen Ackles, American actor and musician Wikipedia
• 1983 Lupita Nyong'o, Kenyan-Mexican actress Wikipedia
• 1987 Kesha, American singer-songwriter and actress Wikipedia
• 1989 Carlos Vela, Mexican footballer Wikipedia
• 1994 Justin Bieber, Canadian singer-songwriter Wikipedia

Died on March 1

• 492 Felix III, pope of the Catholic Church Wikipedia
• 965 Leo VIII, pope of the Catholic Church Wikipedia
• 1633 George Herbert, English poet and orator (born 1593) Wikipedia
• 1643 Girolamo Frescobaldi, Italian keyboardist and composer (born 1583) Wikipedia
• 1697 Francesco Redi, Italian physician and poet (born 1626) Wikipedia
• 1773 Luigi Vanvitelli, Italian architect, designed the Palace of Caserta (born 1700) Wikipedia
• 1792 Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1747) Wikipedia
• 1911 Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch-German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1852) Wikipedia
• 1938 Gabriele D'Annunzio, Italian journalist and politician (born 1863) Wikipedia
• 1983 Arthur Koestler, Hungarian-English journalist and author (born 1905) Wikipedia
• 1995 Georges J. F. Köhler, German biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1946) Wikipedia
• 2014 Alain Resnais, French director, cinematographer, and screenwriter (born 1922) Wikipedia
• 2023 Just Fontaine, French footballer (born 1933) Wikipedia
• 2024 Akira Toriyama, Japanese manga artist (born 1955) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Beer Day, marked the end of beer prohibition in 1989 (Iceland) Wikipedia
• Chalandamarz, traditional Alpine spring festival (Switzerland) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Agnes Tsao Kou Ying (one of the Martyr Saints of China) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Albin Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Eudokia of Heliopolis Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Pope Felix III Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Leoluca Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Luperculus Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Monan Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Rudesind Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Saint David's Day or Dydd Gŵyl Dewi (Wales and Welsh communities) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Suitbert Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: March 1 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Commemoration of Mustafa Barzani's Death (Iraqi Kurdistan) Wikipedia
• Day of the Balearic Islands (Spain) Wikipedia
• Disability Day of Mourning Wikipedia
• Heroes' Day (Paraguay) Wikipedia
• Independence Day, celebrates the independence of Bosnia and Herzegovina from Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1992. Wikipedia
• National "Cursed Soldiers" Remembrance Day (Poland) Wikipedia
• National Pig Day (United States) Wikipedia
• New Year's Day in the more veneto, the calendric system of the Republic of Venice until 1797 Wikipedia
• Remembrance Day (Marshall Islands) Wikipedia
• Samiljeol (South Korea) Wikipedia
• Self-injury Awareness Day (international) Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “March 1” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.