On this day: July 28

Events on July 28

• 1148 Crusades: The siege of Damascus ended in a decisive victory for the Muslims, leading to the disintegration of the Second Crusade. Wikipedia
• 1402 Ottoman-Timurid Wars: Battle of Ankara: Timur, ruler of Timurid Empire, defeats forces of the Ottoman Empire sultan Bayezid I. Wikipedia
• 1571 La Laguna encomienda, known today as the Laguna province in the Philippines, is founded by the Spaniards as one of the oldest encomiendas (provinces) in the country. Wikipedia
• 1794 French Revolution: Maximilien Robespierre and Louis Antoine de Saint-Just are executed by guillotine in Paris, France. Wikipedia
• 1821 José de San Martín declares the independence of Peru from Spain. Wikipedia
• 1864 American Civil War: In the Battle of Ezra Church, Confederate troops make a third unsuccessful attempt under General John Bell Hood to prevent Union forces led by General William T. Sherman from approaching Atlanta, Georgia. Wikipedia
• 1866 Aged 18, Vinnie Ream became the youngest artist and first woman to receive a United States government commission for a statue—that of Abraham Lincoln currently in the Capitol rotunda. Wikipedia
• 1866 At the age of 18, Vinnie Ream becomes the first and youngest female artist to receive a commission from the United States government for a statue (of Abraham Lincoln). Wikipedia
• 1896 The city of Miami is incorporated. Wikipedia
• 1911 The Australasian Antarctic Expedition began as the SY Aurora departed London. Wikipedia
• 1914 World War I: In the culmination of the July Crisis, Austria-Hungary declares war on the Kingdom of Serbia and begins the Great War. Wikipedia
• 1915 U.S. Marines landed at Port-au-Prince to begin a nineteen-year occupation of Haiti. Wikipedia
• 1917 Anti-lynching movement: The Silent Parade takes place in New York City, in protest against murders, lynchings, and other violence directed towards African Americans. Wikipedia
• 1932 During the Great Depression, U.S. president Herbert Hoover orders the United States Army to forcibly evict the "Bonus Army" of World War I veterans gathered in Washington, D.C. Wikipedia
• 1938 Hawaii Clipper disappears between Guam and Manila as the first loss of an airliner in trans-Pacific China Clipper service. Wikipedia
• 1942 World War II: Soviet leader Joseph Stalin issues Order No. 227. In response to alarming German advances, all those who retreat or otherwise leave their positions without orders to do so are to be tried in a military court, with punishment ranging from duty in a shtrafbat battalion, imprisonment in a Gulag, or execution. Wikipedia
• 1943 World War II: Operation Gomorrah: The Royal Air Force bombs Hamburg, Germany causing a firestorm that kills 42,000 German civilians. Wikipedia
• 1965 Vietnam War: U.S. president Lyndon B. Johnson announces his order to increase the number of United States troops in South Vietnam from 75,000 to 125,000. Wikipedia
• 1984 Olympic Games: Games of the XXIII Olympiad: The summer Olympics were opened in Los Angeles. Wikipedia
• 1996 The remains of a prehistoric man are discovered near Kennewick, Washington. Such remains will be known as the Kennewick Man. Wikipedia
• 2002 Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560 crashes after takeoff from Sheremetyevo International Airport in Moscow, Russia, killing 14 of the 16 people on board. Wikipedia
• 2005 The Provisional Irish Republican Army announced the formal end of its armed campaign to overthrow British rule in Northern Ireland and create a united Ireland. Wikipedia
• 2005 The Provisional Irish Republican Army calls an end to its thirty-year-long armed campaign against British rule in Northern Ireland. Wikipedia
• 2010 In the deadliest air accident in Pakistan's history, Airblue Flight 202 crashed into the Margalla Hills north of Islamabad, killing all 152 aboard. Wikipedia
• 2010 Airblue Flight 202 crashes into the Margalla Hills north of Islamabad, Pakistan, killing all 152 people aboard. It is the deadliest aviation accident in Pakistan history and the first involving an Airbus A321. Wikipedia
• 2011 While flying from Seoul, South Korea to Shanghai, China, Asiana Airlines Flight 991 develops an in-flight fire in the cargo hold. The Boeing 747-400F freighter attempts to divert to Jeju International Airport, but crashes into the sea South-West of Jeju island, killing both crew members on board. Wikipedia

Born on July 28

• 1804 Ludwig Feuerbach, German anthropologist and philosopher (died 1872) Wikipedia
• 1866 Beatrix Potter, English children's book writer and illustrator (died 1943) Wikipedia
• 1874 Ernst Cassirer, Polish-American philosopher and academic (died 1945) Wikipedia
• 1887 Marcel Duchamp, French-American painter and sculptor (died 1968) Wikipedia
• 1902 Karl Popper, Austrian-English philosopher and academic (died 1994) Wikipedia
• 1915 Charles H. Townes, American physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2015) Wikipedia
• 1925 Baruch Samuel Blumberg, American physician and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2011) Wikipedia
• 1929 Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, American journalist and socialite, 37th First Lady of the United States (died 1994) Wikipedia
• 1938 Alberto Fujimori, Peruvian engineer, academic, and politician, President of Peru (died 2024) Wikipedia
• 1938 Luis Aragonés, Spanish footballer, coach, and manager (died 2014) Wikipedia
• 1945 Jim Davis, American cartoonist, created Garfield Wikipedia
• 1951 Santiago Calatrava, Spanish architect and engineer, designed the Athens Olympic Sports Complex Wikipedia
• 1952 Vajiralongkorn, King of Thailand Wikipedia
• 1954 Hugo Chávez, Venezuelan colonel and politician, President of Venezuela (died 2013) Wikipedia
• 1966 Liz Cheney, American politician, daughter of Dick Cheney Wikipedia
• 1969 Dana White, American businessman, president of the Ultimate Fighting Championship Wikipedia
• 1971 Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Iraqi leader of the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (died 2019) Wikipedia
• 1974 Alexis Tsipras, Greek engineer and politician, 186th Prime Minister of Greece Wikipedia
• 1981 Michael Carrick, English footballer and coach Wikipedia
• 1987 Pedro, Spanish footballer Wikipedia
• 1993 Harry Kane, English footballer Wikipedia
• 1993 Cher Lloyd, English singer Wikipedia

Died on July 28

• 450 Theodosius II, Roman emperor (born 401) Wikipedia
• 938 Thankmar, half-brother of Otto I (during Siege of Eresburg) (born c. 908) Wikipedia
• 1527 Rodrigo de Bastidas, Spanish explorer, founded the city of Santa Marta (born 1460) Wikipedia
• 1741 Antonio Vivaldi, Italian violinist and composer (born 1678) Wikipedia
• 1750 Johann Sebastian Bach, German organist and composer (born 1685) Wikipedia
• 1794 Maximilien Robespierre, French politician, (born 1758) Wikipedia
• 1808 Selim III, Ottoman sultan (born 1761) Wikipedia
• 1844 Joseph Bonaparte, French diplomat and brother of Napoleon (born 1768) Wikipedia
• 1930 Allvar Gullstrand, Swedish ophthalmologist and optician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1862) Wikipedia
• 1946 Saint Alphonsa, first woman of Indian origin to be canonized as a saint by the Catholic Church (born 1910) Wikipedia
• 1968 Otto Hahn, German chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1879) Wikipedia
• 1999 Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1911) Wikipedia
• 2002 Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1910) Wikipedia
• 2004 Francis Crick, English biologist and biophysicist, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1916) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day: Alphonsa Muttathupadathu (Syro-Malabar Catholic Church) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Botvid Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Jaime Hilario Barbal Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Johann Sebastian Bach, George Frederick Handel, Henry Purcell (Episcopal Church commemoration) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Johann Sebastian Bach, Heinrich Schütz, George Frederick Handel (Lutheran commemoration) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Nazarius and Celsus Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Pedro Poveda Castroverde Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Pope Victor I Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Samson of Dol Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: July 28 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Day of Commemoration of the Great Upheaval (Canada) Wikipedia
• Fiestas Patrias, celebrates the independence of Peru from Spain by General José de San Martín in 1821. Wikipedia
• Liberation Day (San Marino) Wikipedia
• Ólavsøka Eve (Faroe Islands) Wikipedia
• World Hepatitis Day Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “July 28” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.