On this day: July 25

Events on July 25

• 306 Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. Wikipedia
• 1261 The city of Constantinople is recaptured by Nicaean forces under the command of Alexios Strategopoulos, re-establishing the Byzantine Empire. Wikipedia
• 1567 Don Diego de Losada founds the city of Santiago de Leon de Caracas, modern-day Caracas, the capital city of Venezuela. Wikipedia
• 1593 Henry IV of France publicly converts from Protestantism to Roman Catholicism. Wikipedia
• 1609 The English ship Sea Venture, en route to Virginia, is deliberately driven ashore during a storm at Bermuda to prevent its sinking; the survivors go on to found a new colony there. Wikipedia
• 1718 At the behest of Tsar Peter the Great, the construction of Kadriorg Palace, dedicated to his wife Catherine, begins in Tallinn. Wikipedia
• 1722 Dummer's War begins along the Maine-Massachusetts border. Wikipedia
• 1788 Mozart completed his Symphony No. 40, one of his two extant symphonies in a minor key. Wikipedia
• 1788 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550). Wikipedia
• 1799 Napoleon Bonaparte defeats a numerically superior Ottoman army under Mustafa Pasha at the Battle of Abukir. Wikipedia
• 1824 Costa Rica annexes Guanacaste from Nicaragua. Wikipedia
• 1861 American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery, in the wake of the defeat at the First Battle of Bull Run. Wikipedia
• 1898 Spanish–American War: The American invasion of Spanish-held Puerto Rico begins, as United States Army troops under General Nelson A. Miles land and secure the port at Guánica. Wikipedia
• 1915 The British capture Nasiriyah from the Ottomans during the Mesopotamian campaign. Wikipedia
• 1934 The Nazis assassinate Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss in a failed coup attempt. Wikipedia
• 1943 World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the King (encouraged by the Grand Council of Fascism) and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio. Wikipedia
• 1943 The Grand Council of Fascism voted a motion of no confidence against Benito Mussolini, who was arrested the same day by King Victor Emmanuel III and replaced by Pietro Badoglio. Wikipedia
• 1961 Cold War: In a speech John F. Kennedy emphasizes that any attack on Berlin is an attack on NATO. Wikipedia
• 1965 Bob Dylan goes electric at the Newport Folk Festival, signaling a major change in folk and rock music. Wikipedia
• 1969 Vietnam War: U.S. President Richard Nixon declares the Nixon Doctrine, stating that the United States now expects its Asian allies to take care of their own military defense. This is the start of the "Vietnamization" of the war. Wikipedia
• 1973 Soviet Mars 5 space probe is launched. Wikipedia
• 1978 Puerto Rican police shoot two nationalists in the Cerro Maravilla murders. Wikipedia
• 1993 Israel launches a massive attack against Lebanon in what the Israelis call Operation Accountability, and the Lebanese call the Seven-Day War. Wikipedia
• 1994 Israel and Jordan sign the Washington Declaration, that formally ends the state of war that had existed between the nations since 1948. Wikipedia
• 2001 Phoolan Devi, a serving Indian member of Parliament, was shot outside her house in New Delhi, India. Wikipedia
• 2001 Phoolan Devi, a serving Member of Parliament, is assassinated by shooting in New Delhi, India. Wikipedia

Born on July 25

• 1109 Afonso I, king of Portugal (died 1185) Wikipedia
• 1165 Ibn Arabi, Andalusian Sufi mystic, poet, and philosopher (died 1240) Wikipedia
• 1394 James I, king of Scotland (died 1437) Wikipedia
• 1844 Thomas Eakins, American painter, sculptor, and photographer (died 1916) Wikipedia
• 1848 Arthur Balfour, Scottish-English lieutenant and politician, 33rd Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (died 1930) Wikipedia
• 1894 Gavrilo Princip, Bosnian Serb revolutionary and assassin of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife (died 1918) Wikipedia
• 1894 Walter Brennan, American actor (died 1974) Wikipedia
• 1901 Mohammed Helmy, Egyptian physician and Righteous Among the Nations (died 1982) Wikipedia
• 1902 Eric Hoffer, American philosopher and author (died 1983) Wikipedia
• 1905 Elias Canetti, Bulgarian-Swiss novelist, playwright, and memoirist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 1994) Wikipedia
• 1920 Rosalind Franklin, English biophysicist, chemist, and academic. Contributor to basic research of DNA. (died 1958) Wikipedia
• 1922 John B. Goodenough, American materials scientist, physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (died 2023) Wikipedia
• 1953 Joseph A. Tunzi, Chicago based author, foremost expert on Elvis Presley Wikipedia
• 1955 Iman, Somalian-English model and actress Wikipedia
• 1956 Frances Arnold, American scientist and engineer (Nobel Prize for Chemistry 2018) Wikipedia
• 1964 Anne Applebaum, American journalist and author Wikipedia
• 1967 Matt LeBlanc, American actor and producer Wikipedia
• 1981 Yūichi Komano, Japanese footballer Wikipedia
• 1985 Nelson Piquet Jr., Brazilian race car driver Wikipedia
• 1986 Hulk, Brazilian footballer Wikipedia
• 1988 Paulinho, Brazilian footballer Wikipedia
• 1991 Hasan Piker, American Twitch streamer Wikipedia

Died on July 25

• 306 Constantius Chlorus, Roman emperor (born 250) Wikipedia
• 1471 Thomas à Kempis, German priest and mystic Wikipedia
• 1492 Innocent VIII, pope of the Catholic Church (born 1432) Wikipedia
• 1564 Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (born 1503) Wikipedia
• 1794 André Chénier, Greek-French poet and author (born 1762) Wikipedia
• 1834 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English philosopher, poet, and critic (born 1772) Wikipedia
• 1934 Nestor Makhno, Ukrainian anarchist revolutionary (born 1888) Wikipedia
• 1934 Engelbert Dollfuss, Austrian politician, 14th Chancellor of Austria (born 1892) Wikipedia
• 1973 Louis St. Laurent, Canadian lawyer and politician, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (born 1882) Wikipedia
• 1980 Vladimir Vysotsky, Russian singer-songwriter, guitarist, and actor (born 1938) Wikipedia
• 1991 Lazar Kaganovich, Soviet politician (born 1893) Wikipedia
• 2019 Beji Caid Essebsi, 4th President and 9th Prime Minister of Tunisia (born 1926) Wikipedia
• 2020 Peter Green, English blues rock guitarist, singer-songwriter and founder of Fleetwood Mac (born 1946) Wikipedia
• 2022 David Trimble, Northern Irish statesman and politician (born 1944) Wikipedia

Holidays and observances

• Christian feast day: Anne (Eastern Christianity) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Carmen Salles y Barangueras Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Christopher (Western Christianity) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Cucuphas Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Glodesind Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: James the Great (Western Christianity) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: John I Agnus Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Julian of Le Mans (translation) Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Magnerich of Trier Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Olympias the Deaconess Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: Rodolfo Acquaviva Wikipedia
• Christian feast day: July 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics) Wikipedia
• Guanacaste Day (Costa Rica) Wikipedia
• National Baha'i Day (Jamaica) Wikipedia
• National Day of Galicia (Galicia, Spain) Wikipedia
• Puerto Rico Constitution Day (Puerto Rico) Wikipedia
• International Afro-descendant Women's Day Wikipedia
• Tenjin Matsuri (Osaka, Japan) Wikipedia

The events, births, deaths and observances above are from the English Wikipedia article “July 25” and the articles it links to (authors and history), retrieved 2026-10-09 through the Wikimedia “On this day” feed. They are licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0; this selection is shared under the same licence. We picked the 26 events, 22 births and 14 deaths with the widest coverage across Wikipedia's language editions (counted from Wikidata) and sorted them by year; the wording is unchanged apart from removing references to pictures.